It is presumably an embarrassment to the modern evolutionist that Charles Darwin, the founder of the evolutionist cosmology, welcomed the extinguishing of what he saw as lower human species. He saw this ethnic cleansing as inevitable and right and natural and determined by evolutionary principles. He wrote in The Descent of Man (New York: Penguin Classics, 2004, p.163):
At some future period, not very distant as measured by centuries, the civilized races of man will almost certainly exterminate and replace throughout the world the savage races throughout the world.So more advanced human beings were going to exterminate the less advanced--the fact that they would be successful in exterminating them would be proof positive of their superiority and fitness to survive. When that happened, argued Darwin, we would see a far bigger gap between apes and human beings in the evolutionary chain of being. At his time of writing Darwin thought that there were human ethnic groups that were pretty close to apes--specifically the Australian aboriginal and the Negro.
Now, of course, today such views are regarded by evolutionists as quaint, old-fashioned, or Victorian. It is more fashionable to speak of all men being equal--but this is just a modern fad.
There is no gainsaying that in a few centuries human beings may well become more sophisticated and engage in a bit of good old fashioned ethnic cleansing. Maybe a new Yellow Peril will engulf the world and wipe out millions upon millions. Evolutionism would regard this as morally right--for the fittest would have survived, the weakest would have gone into history. And that's a good thing. That's what evolutionism is all about, after all.
Thus, it is not at all surprising that in the early twentieth century, as Darwinism became the intellectual flavour of the month in the West, that it became respectable and intellectually sophisticated to advocate eugenics or breeding programmes to produce a new higher class of humans who would be resistant to disease and have the facility for receiving higher education. Such views were actively promoted and publicly lauded in both the UK and the US.
And then there is the Nazi connection. According to David Klinghoffer,
In Mein Kampf, Hitler used Darwinian language to make his case for racial war against the Jews. He rallied the millions of Germans who bought his bestselling book with an appeal to biology, which, as he argued, revealed certain iron laws of Nature--principally the struggle for supremacy pitting the superior races against the inferior. . . .And what was that logic? Hitler said that he and the German people respected the laws of Nature--welcomed them, worked with them, and complied with them. That was one of the reasons they had a legitimate claim to being ethnically superior and a more advanced race. The Germans faced up to and complied with the implied duty of extermination of the inferior races. But the Jews . . . they said the opposite. They were unnatural or anti-natural. Jews argued that it was man's role to overcome Nature--which, Hitler said, was utter Jewish nonsense. (David Klinghoffer, "God's Image, our Mission," God and Evolution, edited by Jay Richards [Seattle: Discovery Institute Press, 2010], p.298f)
What you would not readily foresee from reading Darwin's writings is that the race requiring extermination would turn out to be us Jews. But Hitler perceived an inner logic in Darwinism that even Charles Darwin did not.
Modern evolutionists would prefer to keep that noisome skeleton very firmly locked in the closet. But the stench remains. Dr Greg Bahnsen was once debating an evolutionist. In his concluding remarks, he asked his opponent and audience to imagine that in his hand he had a .44 magnum. He was going to conclude the debate--and win it--by lifting the gun and shooting his opponent in the head. That he exterminated his opponent proved not only his opponent's weakness, but that the opponent himself must concede the point and acknowledge that he had legitimately lost, and that moreover Dr Bahnsen had played fair.
It makes the point neatly that evolutionists can only traffic their nonsense if no-one takes them seriously and accords them ethical privileges which they themselves have no foundation to acknowledge or claim.
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Thus, it is not at all surprising that in the early twentieth century, as Darwinism became the intellectual flavour of the month in the West, that it became respectable and intellectually sophisticated to advocate eugenics
Ha! Darwin is to blame for eugenics because eugenics kicked off in the earth 20th Century? The period known as "the eclipse of Darwinism"? Superb!
Hi, David
Appreciate the sarcasm, which we expect is intended to lampoon some sort of irrationality you believe you have detected in our argument. Laying that aside, we are left wondering why a self-professed evolutionist would for a moment think that an argument has to be rational and non-contradictory in order to be true. Is not randomness the very creative, driving genius of the entire universe--at least according to evolutionism? So we are left wondering why you would think it could possibly be a weakness on our part. Don't you believe your own cosmology to be true? Or is your belief in the stochasticity of reality, matter, and the universe in fact highly selective, only able to operate when cosseted within strict rational boundaries? Randomnicity is allegedly the genius, the creator, and the quantum-leap-driver in the naturalistic world, without which we would not exist, but somehow not in the reasoning of the human mind, where evolutionists regard it as a defect or weakness. Go figure. Mate you should be congratulating us, not deriding us--unless, of course, you have been a closet unbeliever in evolutionism all along. In any event, you can't have it both ways without being lumped with those who choose willingly to suspend disbelief and prefer just-so stories and childish Alice-in-Wonderland doggerel.
JT
Well, if you actually have an argument it's very hard to detect in the sea of five dollar words ("Randomnicity"?, I think you mean randomness). You seem to thinking denying any rationality behind the origin of the universe requires one to abandon any rationality within it. But you've yet to explain why.
In the mean time, every time you talk about evolution you reveal how little you know about (this being a nice example),
Hi, David
To use a quantitative analogy: imagine a universe where 99% was rational, structured, ordered, rule driven, and logic conforming. The remaining 1% of reality was brute chance. Moreover, imagine further that the 1% was the initial, final, and instrumental cause of the remaining 99%. The 1% would be the universal acid that consumes the rest of the allegedly ordered 99%, if indeed the 1% were truly brute chance. (It is here, of course, that the analogy breaks down because one cannot speak of brute chance being quantitatively measurable or constrained.)
If the universe were entirely structured, ordered and ordained, except in one data point or aspect where it were brute chance, the apparent order of the entire remainder would be radically contingent, and therefore itself random and chaotic. (Note, we are not talking about the kind of pseudo-stochasticity as in Chaos Theory where each part in the system remains subject to cause and effect "rules" and other laws. We are speaking of brute, radical chance that is absolutely random. The philosophes of the Enlightenment understood the significance of this at least in part when they argued that miracles, if true, made the existence of a natural order and natural laws impossible. A natural law that is interruptible at any point is not a natural law at all.)
JT
This is all so misguided.
Anyone can see that there are laws at work in the universe - but that doesn't entail a law-giver.
When we say that evolution is stochastic it's just the same as saying the outcome of a series of dice rolls is stochastic. Rolling dice doesn't eat away the structure of the universe, and nor does our evolutionary history.
Hi, David
No, you are wrong there. That is not the kind of stochasticity purported by evolutionism when nothing existed, prior to the "Big Bang". The chance is brute. Then, to get along, the randomness is qualified and "watered down" to make it fit. The term is equivocated into denoting limited options carefully prescribed by parameters controlled by natural laws. Which is to say that evolutionism wants its cake, and wants to eat it too.
Granted there are regularities in creation--laws, if you will. We agree. But according to evolutionism these laws have to have come into existence stochastically. You hasten to say, there is no "law-giver" for these "laws". On evolutionist assumptions we would happily grant the point. So, did stochasticity produce the laws? Or would evolutionists argue that there are "deeper realities", laws, givens, that necessarily exist as some kind of "deep magic" that limit all randomness infinitely and absolutely, in the same way that each face of the dice is limited to a 1/6 equally weighted probability? Evolutionists may prefer, one imagines, to grant the assertion.
But such would be no more than special pleading. Why, given evolutionism's starting assumptions of naturalism, would one credibly assert that natural "laws" are not the product of, and themselves subject to stochasticity and not some mythical "deep magic"? In the end, we believe evolutionists merely assert that there are realities in the universe neither themselves stochastic nor subject to stochasticity because they cannot coherently proceed without such an assertion. It is convenient to do so. They need to get off the horns of the dilemma. But we say, "Not so fast."
One evolutionist has been relatively upfront about this:
Jacques Monod: "We call these events [mutations] accidental; we say that they are random occurrences. And since they constitute the only possible source of modifications in the genetic text, itself the sole repository of the organism's hereditary structures, it necessarily follows that chance alone is at the source of every innovation, of all creation in the biosphere. . . .
Pure chance, absolutely free but blind chance, at the very root of the stupendous edifice of evolution: this central concept of modern biology [evolution] is no longer one among other possible or even conceivable hypotheses." Chance and Necessity, p. 112.
So, "pure chance, absolutely free but blind chance, at the very root of the stupendous edifice of evolution . . ." suggests that at least Monod is courageous enough to grasp the nettle. But then he goes on to equivocate, and posit the typical lower-order, non brute randomness that operates as possibilities within the constraints of a fixed natural law-governed order. This is something else entirely from pure chance, absolutely free but blind chance.
We reiterate, the fallacy of equivocation seems to lie in the vitals of modern evolutionist apologies. So, did your natural "laws" come into being via the womb of stocasticity, or not? [We note that modern astronomers insist that this is the case.]
If yes, they cannot be laws at all; to speak of them as such is irrational. If no, then you have some serious explaining to do.
JT
1. I wish you would stop using this stupid word "evolutionism". The evidence for the biological fact of evolution is so overwhelming that staking your whole world-view on its falsity is a losing game, and evolution has nothing to do with cosmology.
2. The universe has laws. I don't know why, but it does. I don't think a law giver is a very parsimonious answer, so, absent compelling evidience for a god I don't believe in one.
Of course, none of that has anything to do with biology and the randomness of mutations. (Which are random in the sense of the dice throws - subject to physical laws but indeterminant to us.)
Hey, David
We have explained why we deliberately employ the term "evolutionism". As they say, if the cap fits, wear it.
Neither will a studied agnosticism do the case any good. If evolutionists refuse to face up to the rational-irrational dichotomies in their bizarre pseudo-scientific paradigm, it does not make the dichotomies any less real or devastating. It may, however, betray a certain ostrich-like mien of evolutionists. As an example, you assert, evolution has nothing to do with cosmology; au contraire, it has everything to do with cosmology. As you know, cosmology has to do with how the universe and material world (including the sentient creatures within it) came into existence. Yet you would assert that evolutionism has nothing to do with origins. Mmmm. So now Mr Darwin is not a card carrying evolutionist? That will come as a bit of shock to him, we would have thought.
The "dice" analogy we have already dismissed as inadequate and fallaciously equivocal.
To reiterate: evolutionism proposes that Being and Nothingness are equally ultimate. However, unpalatable that might be to evolutionists, thems the breaks. To talk about evidence and facts in the context of such a paradigm is slightly over-egging the pudding, wouldn't you say?
JT
Well, I'm sorry, but that's just a load of rubbish.
Evolution has nothing to do with the origin of the universe, or it's law like nature. All does is say how live developed on earth. As i've said a bunch of times, most people that accept evolution are, in fact, religious.
The universe still has laws for a Naturalist, absent any compelling reasons why the universe has laws we just have to not them and make sure out theories work within them. The lengths that you have gone to make sure facts can't be brought to bear against your beliefs is bizarre.
Hi, David
Someone once said that only the wilfully myopic would champion "facts" without being prepared to reflect upon, or discourse on the philosophy or religion of "fact".
We would just suggest that you re-read what you have written, step back, and think about what you have said: Evolution has nothing to do with the origin of the universe . . . . All does is say (sic) how live (sic) developed on earth.
Really! Evolution has nothing to do with the origin of the universe. Your Naturalist is looking more and more like a chap with large blinkers on who (for whatever reason) refuses to look critically at the paradigm in which he insists upon operating.
Your MO at this point resembles the medieval alchemist: a lifetime spent measuring, manipulating, processing, combining, and experimenting with matter--focusing on the facts as they discovered them, without ever standing back and analyzing critically the bizarre cosmology of the Greeks from which their experimentation and research was derived. And we all know what happened to the paradigm of alchemy.
Finally, you express irritation that, whereas you have said a number of times, most people that (sic) accept evolution are, in fact, religious we don't seem to have got your point. Sorry, we should perhaps have addressed this more directly. Our argument all along has assumed that everyone, without exception, operating in the field of evolutionary biology is indeed profoundly and fundamentally religious (and that evolutionary biology itself is implicitly religious.) We have been discussing not whether evolutionary biology is religious, but what its religion actually is. (We are using the term "religion" here to denote whatever one believes is the ultimate [all trumping] ground of reality. All human beings have such beliefs--whether they are self-aware and face up to them or not. Your Naturalism also does. But for whatever reason you appear deeply loathe to discuss the religious beliefs and principles upon which your Naturalism is based. That, according to you, is just a load of rubbish.
But, you are right. Indeed the religion (the cosmology) of Naturalism is indeed just a load of rubbish--as we have been arguing all along. If that irritates you, so be it.
JT
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